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Eduard Vasiljevich Toll.
(14.03.1858-1902)
Baron Euduard von Toll, a Russian polar
researcher and geologist, participated
in the expedition of Dr. Alexander Bunge (1885-1886), organized
by the Russian Academy of Sciences with the purpose to explore
the Novosibirsky Islands. The results of the expedition were
appreciated by the Academy as "a true geographical deed".
In 1892-1894 he carried out the geological
surveys in the basins of the following Rivers: Yana, Indigirka,
and Kolyma. During one year and two days he expedition passed
25000 km and 4200 km out of them – with a geodetic survey
en route. The Academy of Sciences awarded Eduard V. Toll with
a Large Silver Medal of N.M.Prozhevalsky.
The following statement of the Russian famous
Academician V.A.Obruchev is well-known: "In all our guides
on physical geography you can encounter the name of Eduard
V. Toll as the founder of the doctrine of fossilized ice formation
– the doctrine, which became a classic one".
In 1900-1902 Eduard V. Toll led the expedition
on the ship "Zarya" in the area of the Novosibirsky
Islands, his main objective was to discover the so-called
Zemlya Sannikova. Due to severe ice conditions the expedition
was forced to spend two winters in the region of the Archipelago.
Eduard Toll with three expedition members by sledge and kayak
traveled to the Bennet Island. "Zarya" attempted
to reach The Bennett Island to evacuate Toll's party but was
unable to do this because of severe ice conditions. Toll made
a decision to go to the south to the continent but no further
traces of the four men have ever been found.
Two serach parties were dispatched in the
spring 1903, one of them searched the shores of the Novosibirsjy
Islands and the other, led by A.V.Kolchak, travelled by whaleboat
to the Bennet Island. They did not find the lost explorers
but they found their diaries and notes.
The name of Eduard V. Toll remained on the
geographical maps Fridtjof Nansen named in honour of Toll
the Bay at the north-west coast of the Taymyr peninsular.
There also exists the Tollievaya River. The following geographical
objects are named after Eduard Toll: the North Cape at the
Stolbovoy Island, the Strait at the Kotelny Island, the Central
Ice Cape at the Bennett Island.
In the paleontology, zoology and botanic
many specimens of fauna and flora are named after Eduard Toll.
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